Symposium Sessions
Day 3, June 12（Fri.） 14:40-15:10 Room B (4F 411+412)
- 3B-S2-1440
Lipid-centric omics approaches unveil novel roles of fatty acid metabolism in health and disease
(1RIKEN IMS, 2Keio Univ., 3Yokohama City Univ.)
oYosuke Isobe1,2,3, Makoto Arita1,2,3
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid, are released from membrane phospholipids in response to inflammatory stimuli and are subsequently metabolized by fatty acid oxygenases, including lipoxygenases (LOXs) and cyclooxygenases (COXs). The resulting metabolites function as bioactive lipid mediators that interact with cellular proteins to regulate tissue homeostasis.
Recent advances in liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS)-based omics technologies have greatly expanded our understanding of PUFA metabolism and its biological functions. Targeted lipidomics enables sensitive and comprehensive quantification of PUFA-derived metabolites, which are often present at trace levels in inflamed tissues. Using this approach, we identified novel roles of 12/15-LOX–expressing eosinophils and cavity macrophages in controlling airway inflammation through local production of bioactive lipid mediators.
In addition, we established a chemoproteomic platform to comprehensively identify intracellular protein targets of electrophilic PUFA metabolites generated by LOXs within complex proteomes. Application of this platform to cavity macrophages uncovered previously unrecognized targets of 12/15-LOX–derived metabolites and revealed their roles in macrophage functions.
In this presentation, we introduce omics approaches that comprehensively decipher the diverse metabolism and actions of PUFAs, and the novel regulatory mechanisms of inflammatory cells revealed by these approaches.